Affiliations
Robert L. Modlin, M.D. is Chief, Division of Dermatology, and Professor of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. He received his medical degree form New York University and residency training from Los Angeles County/ University of Southern California Medical Center.
Research Interests
Dr. Modlin’s lab is interested in the immunology of microbial infection. Infectious disease poses a major health problem worldwide. Essential to control of these diseases is the elucidation of immune mechanisms that result in resistance versus susceptibility to infection. The laboratory’s focus is the identification of novel mechanisms by which the innate and adaptive immune system combat microbial pathogens. Using leprosy as a model, Dr. Modlin’s lab has made important contributions to our understanding of immunology including the role of mammalian Toll-like receptors and CD1-restricted T cells in host defense, including the cytokines pattens and antimicrobial pathways. These studies include 3 papers published in Nature and 10 in Science. It is hoped that the insights obtained from these studies will lead to better treatments and prevention of infectious diseases in humans.
Publications
Fitz-Gibbon Sorel, Tomida Shuta, Chiu Bor-Han, Nguyen Lin, Du Christine, Liu Minghsun, Elashoff David, Erfe Marie C, Loncaric Anya, Kim Jenny, Modlin Robert L, Miller Jeff F, Sodergren Erica, Craft Noah, Weinstock George M, Li Huiying
Propionibacterium acnes Strain Populations in the Human Skin Microbiome Associated with Acne The Journal of investigative dermatology, 2013; 207(6): .
Teles Rosane M B, Graeber Thomas G, Krutzik Stephan R, Montoya Dennis, Schenk Mirjam, Lee Delphine J, Komisopoulou Evangelia, Kelly-Scumpia Kindra, Chun Rene, Iyer Shankar S, Sarno Euzenir N, Rea Thomas H, Hewison Martin, Adams John S, Popper Stephen J, Relman David A, Stenger Steffen, Bloom Barry R, Cheng Genhong, Modlin Robert L
Type I interferon suppresses type II interferon-triggered human anti-mycobacterial responses Science (New York, N.Y.), 2013; 339(6126): 1448-53.
Liu Philip T, Wheelwright Matthew, Teles Rosane, Komisopoulou Evangelia, Edfeldt Kristina, Ferguson Benjamin, Mehta Manali D, Vazirnia Aria, Rea Thomas H, Sarno Euzenir N, Graeber Thomas G, Modlin Robert L
MicroRNA-21 targets the vitamin D-dependent antimicrobial pathway in leprosy Nature medicine, 2012; 18(2): 267-73.
Schenk Mirjam, Krutzik Stephan R, Sieling Peter A, Lee Delphine J, Teles Rosane M B, Ochoa Maria Teresa, Komisopoulou Evangelia, Sarno Euzenir N, Rea Thomas H, Graeber Thomas G, Kim Soohyun, Cheng Genhong, Modlin Robert L
NOD2 triggers an interleukin-32-dependent human dendritic cell program in leprosy Nature medicine, 2012; 18(4): 555-63.
Mirjam Schenk, Stephan R Krutzik, Peter A Sieling, Delphine J Lee, Rosane M B Teles, Maria Teresa Ochoa, Evangelia Komisopoulou, Euzenir N Sarno, Thomas H Rea, Thomas G Graeber, Soohyun Kim, Genhong Cheng & Robert L Modlin
NOD2 triggers an interleukin-32dependent human dendritic cell program in leprosy Nature Medicine, 2012; 18: 555-563.
Marinelli Laura J, Fitz-Gibbon Sorel, Hayes Clarmyra, Bowman Charles, Inkeles Megan, Loncaric Anya, Russell Daniel A, Jacobs-Sera Deborah, Cokus Shawn, Pellegrini Matteo, Kim Jenny, Miller Jeff F, Hatfull Graham F, Modlin Robert L
Propionibacterium acnes bacteriophages display limited genetic diversity and broad killing activity against bacterial skin isolates mBio, 2012; 3(5): .
Parvatiyar Kislay, Zhang Zhiqiang, Teles Rosane M, Ouyang Songying, Jiang Yan, Iyer Shankar S, Zaver Shivam A, Schenk Mirjam, Zeng Shang, Zhong Wenwan, Liu Zhi-Jie, Modlin Robert L, Liu Yong-jun, Cheng Genhong
The helicase DDX41 recognizes the bacterial secondary messengers cyclic di-GMP and cyclic di-AMP to activate a type I interferon immune response Nature immunology, 2012; 13(12): 1155-61.
Glimcher Laurie H, Martinon Fabio, Modlin Robert L
Editorial overview Current opinion in immunology, 2011; 23(1): 1-2.
Cho John S, Zussman Jamie, Donegan Niles P, Ramos Romela Irene, Garcia Nairy C, Uslan Daniel Z, Iwakura Yoichiro, Simon Scott I, Cheung Ambrose L, Modlin Robert L, Kim Jenny, Miller Lloyd S
Noninvasive in vivo imaging to evaluate immune responses and antimicrobial therapy against Staphylococcus aureus and USA300 MRSA skin infections The Journal of investigative dermatology, 2011; 131(4): 907-15.
Fabri Mario, Stenger Steffen, Shin Dong-Min, Yuk Jae-Min, Liu Philip T, Realegeno Susan, Lee Hye-Mi, Krutzik Stephan R, Schenk Mirjam, Sieling Peter A, Teles Rosane, Montoya Dennis, Iyer Shankar S, Bruns Heiko, Lewinsohn David M, Hollis Bruce W, Hewison Martin, Adams John S, Steinmeyer Andreas, Zügel Ulrich, Cheng Genhong, Jo Eun-Kyeong, Bloom Barry R, Modlin Robert L
Vitamin D is required for IFN-gamma-mediated antimicrobial activity of human macrophages Science translational medicine, 2011; 3(104): 104ra102.
Cho JS, Pietras EM, Garcia NC, Ramos RI, Farzam DM, Monroe HR, Magorien JE, Blauvelt A, Kolls JK, Cheung AL, Cheng G, Modlin RL, Miller LS
IL-17 is essential for host defense against cutaneous Staphylococcus aureus infection in mice J Clin Invest, 2010; 120(5): 1762-73.
Cho John S, Pietras Eric M, Garcia Nairy C, Ramos Romela Irene, Farzam David M, Monroe Holly R, Magorien Julie E, Blauvelt Andrew, Kolls Jay K, Cheung Ambrose L, Cheng Genhong, Modlin Robert L, Miller Lloyd S
IL-17 is essential for host defense against cutaneous Staphylococcus aureus infection in mice The Journal of clinical investigation, 2010; 120(5): 1762-73.
Lee DJ, Li H, Ochoa MT, Tanaka M, Carbone RJ, Damoiseaux R, Burdick A, Sarno EN, Rea TH, Modlin RL
Integrated pathways for neutrophil recruitment and inflammation in leprosy J Infect Dis, 2010; 201(4): 558-69.
Lee Delphine J, Li Huiying, Ochoa Maria T, Tanaka Motoyuki, Carbone Ryan J, Damoiseaux Robert, Burdick Anne, Sarno Euzenir N, Rea Thomas H, Modlin Robert L
Integrated pathways for neutrophil recruitment and inflammation in leprosy The Journal of infectious diseases, 2010; 201(4): 558-69.
Cho JS, Zussman J, Donegan NP, Ramos RI, Garcia NC, Uslan DZ, Iwakura Y, Simon SI, Cheung AL, Modlin RL, Kim J, Miller LS
Noninvasive In Vivo Imaging to Evaluate Immune Responses and Antimicrobial Therapy against Staphylococcus aureus and USA300 MRSA Skin Infections J Invest Dermatol, 2010; 131(4): 907-15.
Edfeldt K, Liu PT, Chun R, Fabri M, Schenk M, Wheelwright M, Keegan C, Krutzik SR, Adams JS, Hewison M, Modlin RL
T-cell cytokines differentially control human monocyte antimicrobial responses by regulating vitamin D metabolism Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2010; 107(52): 22593-8.
Edfeldt Kristina, Liu Philip T, Chun Rene, Fabri Mario, Schenk Mirjam, Wheelwright Matthew, Keegan Caroline, Krutzik Stephan R, Adams John S, Hewison Martin, Modlin Robert L
T-cell cytokines differentially control human monocyte antimicrobial responses by regulating vitamin D metabolism Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010; 107(52): 22593-8.
Chun RF, Lauridsen AL, Suon L, Zella LA, Pike JW, Modlin RL, Martineau AR, Wilkinson RJ, Adams J, Hewison M
Vitamin D-binding protein directs monocyte responses to 25-hydroxy- and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2010; 95(7): 3368-76.
Liu PT, Schenk M, Walker VP, Dempsey PW, Kanchanapoomi M, Wheelwright M, Vazirnia A, Zhang X, Steinmeyer A, Zügel U, Hollis BW, Cheng G, Modlin RL.
Convergence of IL-1beta and VDR activation pathways in human TLR2/1-induced antimicrobial responses PLoS One, 2009; 4(6): .
Liu Philip T, Schenk Mirjam, Walker Valencia P, Dempsey Paul W, Kanchanapoomi Melissa, Wheelwright Matthew, Vazirnia Aria, Zhang Xiaoran, Steinmeyer Andreas, Zügel Ulrich, Hollis Bruce W, Cheng Genhong, Modlin Robert L
Convergence of IL-1beta and VDR activation pathways in human TLR2/1-induced antimicrobial responses PloS one, 2009; 4(6): e5810.
Montoya Dennis, Cruz Daniel, Teles Rosane M B, Lee Delphine J, Ochoa Maria Teresa, Krutzik Stephan R, Chun Rene, Schenk Mirjam, Zhang Xiaoran, Ferguson Benjamin G, Burdick Anne E, Sarno Euzenir N, Rea Thomas H, Hewison Martin, Adams John S, Cheng Genhong, Modlin Robert L
Divergence of macrophage phagocytic and antimicrobial programs in leprosy Cell host & microbe, 2009; 6(4): 343-53.
Adams John S, Ren Songyang, Liu Philip T, Chun Rene F, Lagishetty Venu, Gombart Adrian F, Borregaard Niels, Modlin Robert L, Hewison Martin
Vitamin d-directed rheostatic regulation of monocyte antibacterial responses Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2009; 182(7): 4289-95.
Sieling PA, Hill PJ, Dobos KM, Brookman K, Kuhlman AM, Fabri M, Krutzik SR, Rea TH, Heaslip DG, Belisle JT, Modlin RL.
Conserved mycobacterial lipoglycoproteins activate TLR2 but also require glycosylation for MHC class II-restricted T cell activation J Immunol, 2008; 180(9): 5833-42.
Sieling Peter A, Hill Preston J, Dobos Karen M, Brookman Kerry, Kuhlman Andrew M, Fabri Mario, Krutzik Stephan R, Rea Thomas H, Heaslip Darragh G, Belisle John T, Modlin Robert L
Conserved mycobacterial lipoglycoproteins activate TLR2 but also require glycosylation for MHC class II-restricted T cell activation Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2008; 180(9): 5833-42.
Cruz D, Watson AD, Miller CS, Montoya D, Ochoa MT, Sieling PA, Gutierrez MA, Navab M, Reddy ST, Witztum JL, Fogelman AM, Rea TH, Eisenberg D, Berliner J, Modlin RL.
Host-derived oxidized phospholipids and HDL regulate innate immunity in human leprosy J Clin Invest. , 2008; 118(8): 2917-28.
Cruz Daniel, Watson Andrew D, Miller Christopher S, Montoya Dennis, Ochoa Maria-Teresa, Sieling Peter A, Gutierrez Miguel A, Navab Mohamad, Reddy Srinivasa T, Witztum Joseph L, Fogelman Alan M, Rea Thomas H, Eisenberg David, Berliner Judith, Modlin Robert L
Host-derived oxidized phospholipids and HDL regulate innate immunity in human leprosy The Journal of clinical investigation, 2008; 118(8): 2917-28.
Niazi KR, Ochoa MT, Sieling PA, Rooke NE, Peter AK, Mollahan P, Dickey M, Rabizadeh S, Rea TH, Modlin RL
Activation of human CD4+ T cells by targeting MHC class II epitopes to endosomal compartments using human CD1 tail sequences Immunology, 2007; 122(4): 522-31.
Di Nardo Anna, Braff Marissa H, Taylor Kristen R, Na Changrim, Granstein Richard D, McInturff Jamie E, Krutzik Stephan, Modlin Robert L, Gallo Richard L
Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides block dendritic cell TLR4 activation and allergic contact sensitization Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2007; 178(3): 1829-34.
Miller LS, Pietras EM, Uricchio LH, Hirano K, Rao S, Lin H, O’Connell RM, Iwakura Y, Cheung AL, Cheng G, Modlin RL.
Inflammasome-mediated production of IL-1beta is required for neutrophil recruitment against Staphylococcus aureus in vivo J Immunol, 2007; 179(10): 6933-42.
Miller Lloyd S, Pietras Eric M, Uricchio Lawrence H, Hirano Kathleen, Rao Shyam, Lin Heping, O’Connell Ryan M, Iwakura Yoichiro, Cheung Ambrose L, Cheng Genhong, Modlin Robert L
Inflammasome-mediated production of IL-1beta is required for neutrophil recruitment against Staphylococcus aureus in vivo Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2007; 179(10): 6933-42.
Schauber J, Dorschner RA, Coda AB, Büchau AS, Liu PT, Kiken D, Helfrich YR, Kang S, Elalieh HZ, Steinmeyer A, Zügel U, Bikle DD, Modlin RL, Gallo RL.
Injury enhances TLR2 function and antimicrobial peptide expression through a vitamin D-dependent mechanism J Clin Invest, 2007; 117(3): 803-11.
Schauber Jürgen, Dorschner Robert A, Coda Alvin B, Büchau Amanda S, Liu Philip T, Kiken David, Helfrich Yolanda R, Kang Sewon, Elalieh Hashem Z, Steinmeyer Andreas, Zügel Ulrich, Bikle Daniel D, Modlin Robert L, Gallo Richard L
Injury enhances TLR2 function and antimicrobial peptide expression through a vitamin D-dependent mechanism The Journal of clinical investigation, 2007; 117(3): 803-11.
Winau F, Hegasy G, Weiskirchen R, Weber S, Cassan C, Sieling PA, Modlin RL, Liblau RS, Gressner AM, Kaufmann SH.
Ito cells are liver-resident antigen-presenting cells for activating T cell responses Immunity, 2007; 26(1): 117-29.
Lee DJ, Sieling PA, Ochoa MT, Krutzik SR, Guo B, Hernandez M, Rea TH, Cheng G, Colonna M, Modlin RL.
LILRA2 activation inhibits dendritic cell differentiation and antigen presentation to T cells J Immunol, 2007; 179(12): 8128-36.
Lee Delphine J, Sieling Peter A, Ochoa Maria Teresa, Krutzik Stephan R, Guo Beichu, Hernandez Maristela, Rea Thomas H, Cheng Genhong, Colonna Marco, Modlin Robert L
LILRA2 activation inhibits dendritic cell differentiation and antigen presentation to T cells Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2007; 179(12): 8128-36.
Adams JS, Chen H, Chun R, Ren S, Wu S, Gacad M, Nguyen L, Ride J, Liu P, Modlin R, Hewison M.
Substrate and enzyme trafficking as a means of regulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D synthesis and action: the human innate immune response J Bone Miner Res, 2007; 22(2): V20-4.
Im JS, Tapinos N, Chae GT, Illarionov PA, Besra GS, DeVries GH, Modlin RL, Sieling PA, Rambukkana A, Porcelli SA.
Expression of CD1d molecules by human schwann cells and potential interactions with immunoregulatory invariant NK T cells J Immunol. , 2006; 177(8): 5226-35.
Hornell TM, Burster T, Jahnsen FL, Pashine A, Ochoa MT, Harding JJ, Macaubas C, Lee AW, Modlin RL, Mellins ED.
Human dendritic cell expression of HLA-DO is subset specific and regulated by maturation J Immunol, 2006; 176(6): 3536-47.
Tan BH, Meinken C, Bastian M, Bruns H, Legaspi A, Ochoa MT, Krutzik SR, Bloom BR, Ganz T, Modlin RL, Stenger S.
Macrophages acquire neutrophil granules for antimicrobial activity against intracellular pathogens J Immunol. , 2006; 177(3): 1864-71.
Tan Belinda H, Meinken Christoph, Bastian Max, Bruns Heiko, Legaspi Annaliza, Ochoa Maria Teresa, Krutzik Stephan R, Bloom Barry R, Ganz Tomas, Modlin Robert L, Stenger Steffen
Macrophages acquire neutrophil granules for antimicrobial activity against intracellular pathogens Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2006; 177(3): 1864-71.
Miller Lloyd S, O’Connell Ryan M, Gutierrez Miguel A, Pietras Eric M, Shahangian Arash, Gross Catherine E, Thirumala Ajaykumar, Cheung Ambrose L, Cheng Genhong, Modlin Robert L
MyD88 mediates neutrophil recruitment initiated by IL-1R but not TLR2 activation in immunity against Staphylococcus aureus Immunity, 2006; 24(1): 79-91.
Renn CN, Sanchez DJ, Ochoa MT, Legaspi AJ, Oh CK, Liu PT, Krutzik SR, Sieling PA, Cheng G, Modlin RL.
TLR activation of Langerhans cell-like dendritic cells triggers an antiviral immune response J Immunol. , 2006; 177(1): 298-305.
Renn Claudia N, Sanchez David Jesse, Ochoa Maria Teresa, Legaspi Annaliza J, Oh Chang-Keun, Liu Philip T, Krutzik Stephan R, Sieling Peter A, Cheng Genhong, Modlin Robert L
TLR activation of Langerhans cell-like dendritic cells triggers an antiviral immune response Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2006; 177(1): 298-305.
Liu Philip T, Stenger Steffen, Li Huiying, Wenzel Linda, Tan Belinda H, Krutzik Stephan R, Ochoa Maria Teresa, Schauber Jurgen, Wu Kent, Meinken Christoph, Kamen Diane L, Wagner Manfred, Bals Robert, Steinmeyer Andreas, Z????gel Ulrich, Gallo Richard L, Eisenberg David, Hewison Martin, Hollis Bruce W, Adams John S, Bloom Barry R, Modlin Robert L
Toll-like receptor triggering of a vitamin D-mediated human antimicrobial response Science, 2006; 311(5768): 1770-3.
Stegelmann F, Bastian M, Swoboda K, Bhat R, Kiessler V, Krensky AM, Roellinghoff M, Modlin RL, Stenger S.
Coordinate expression of CC chemokine ligand 5, granulysin, and perforin in CD8+ T cells provides a host defense mechanism against Mycobacterium tuberculosis J Immunol. , 2005; 175(11): 7474-83.
McInturff Jamie E, Wang Shyh-Jeun, Machleidt Thomas, Lin T Richard, Oren Ami, Hertz Cheryl J, Krutzik Stephan R, Hart Scott, Zeh Karin, Anderson Daniel H, Gallo Richard L, Modlin Robert L, Kim Jenny
Granulysin-derived peptides demonstrate antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects against Propionibacterium acnes The Journal of investigative dermatology, 2005; 125(2): 256-63.
McInturff JE, Wang SJ, Machleidt T, Lin TR, Oren A, Hertz CJ, Krutzik SR, Hart S, Zeh K, Anderson DH, Gallo RL, Modlin RL, Kim J.
Granulysin-derived peptides demonstrate antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects against Propionibacterium acnes J Invest Dermatol, 2005; 125(2): 256-63.
Miller LS, Sørensen OE, Liu PT, Jalian HR, Eshtiaghpour D, Behmanesh BE, Chung W, Starner TD, Kim J, Sieling PA, Ganz T, Modlin RL.
TGF-alpha regulates TLR expression and function on epidermal keratinocytes J Immunol, 2005; 174(10): 6137-43.
Miller Lloyd S, Sørensen Ole E, Liu Philip T, Jalian H Ray, Eshtiaghpour Deborah, Behmanesh Behnaz E, Chung Woosin, Starner Timothy D, Kim Jenny, Sieling Peter A, Ganz Tomas, Modlin Robert L
TGF-alpha regulates TLR expression and function on epidermal keratinocytes Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2005; 174(10): 6137-43.
Krutzik Stephan R, Tan Belinda, Li Huiying, Ochoa Maria Teresa, Liu Philip T, Sharfstein Sarah E, Graeber Thomas G, Sieling Peter A, Liu Yong-Jun, Rea Thomas H, Bloom Barry R, Modlin Robert L
TLR activation triggers the rapid differentiation of monocytes into macrophages and dendritic cells Nat. Med, 2005; 11(6): 653-60.
Sieling Peter A, Torrelles Jordi B, Stenger Steffen, Chung Woosin, Burdick Anne E, Rea Thomas H, Brennan Patrick J, Belisle John T, Porcelli Steven A, Modlin Robert L
The human CD1-restricted T cell repertoire is limited to cross-reactive antigens: implications for host responses against immunologically related pathogens Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2005; 174(5): 2637-44.
Sieling PA, Torrelles JB, Stenger S, Chung W, Burdick AE, Rea TH, Brennan PJ, Belisle JT, Porcelli SA, Modlin RL.
The human CD1-restricted T cell repertoire is limited to cross-reactive antigens: implications for host responses against immunologically related pathogens J Immunol. , 2005; 174(5): 2637-44.
Hunger RE, Sieling PA, Ochoa MT, Sugaya M, Burdick AE, Rea TH, Brennan PJ, Belisle JT, Blauvelt A, Porcelli SA, Modlin RL.
Langerhans cells utilize CD1a and langerin to efficiently present nonpeptide antigens to T cells J Clin Invest. , 2004; 113(5): 701-8.
Hunger Robert E, Sieling Peter A, Ochoa Maria Teresa, Sugaya Makoto, Burdick Anne E, Rea Thomas H, Brennan Patrick J, Belisle John T, Blauvelt Andrew, Porcelli Steven A, Modlin Robert L
Langerhans cells utilize CD1a and langerin to efficiently present nonpeptide antigens to T cells The Journal of clinical investigation, 2004; 113(5): 701-8.
Winau F, Schwierzeck V, Hurwitz R, Remmel N, Sieling PA, Modlin RL, Porcelli SA, Brinkmann V, Sugita M, Sandhoff K, Kaufmann SH, Schaible UE.
Saposin C is required for lipid presentation by human CD1b Nat Immunol, 2004; 5(2): 169-74.
Doyle SE, O’Connell RM, Miranda GA, Vaidya SA, Chow EK, Liu PT, Suzuki S, Suzuki N, Modlin RL, Yeh WC, Lane TF, Cheng G.
Toll-like receptors induce a phagocytic gene program through p38 J Exp Med, 2004; 199(1): 81-90.
Doyle Sean E, O’Connell Ryan M, Miranda Gustavo A, Vaidya Sagar A, Chow Edward K, Liu Philip T, Suzuki Shinobu, Suzuki Nobutaka, Modlin Robert L, Yeh Wen-Chen, Lane Timothy F, Cheng Genhong
Toll-like receptors induce a phagocytic gene program through p38 The Journal of experimental medicine, 2004; 199(1): 81-90.
Torrelles JB, Khoo KH, Sieling PA, Modlin RL, Zhang N, Marques AM, Treumann A, Rithner CD, Brennan PJ, Chatterjee D.
Truncated structural variants of lipoarabinomannan in Mycobacterium leprae and an ethambutol-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis J Biol Chem, 2004; 279(39): 41227-39.
Krutzik Stephan R, Ochoa Maria Teresa, Sieling Peter A, Uematsu Satoshi, Ng Yolanda W, Legaspi Annaliza, Liu Philip T, Cole Stewart T, Godowski Paul J, Maeda Yumi, Sarno Euzenir N, Norgard Michael V, Brennan Patrick J, Akira Shizuo, Rea Thomas H, Modlin Robert L
Activation and regulation of Toll-like receptors 2 and 1 in human leprosyNature medicine, 2003; 9(5): 525-32.
Hertz Cheryl J, Wu Qi, Porter Edith Martin, Zhang Yan J, Weismüller Karl-Heinz, Godowski Paul J, Ganz Tomas, Randell Scott H, Modlin Robert L
Activation of Toll-like receptor 2 on human tracheobronchial epithelial cells induces the antimicrobial peptide human beta defensin-2 Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2003; 171(12): 6820-6.
Gansert Jennifer L, Kiessler Viviane, Engele Matthias, Wittke Frederick, Röllinghoff Martin, Krensky Alan M, Porcelli Steven A, Modlin Robert L, Stenger Steffen
Human NKT cells express granulysin and exhibit antimycobacterial activity Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2003; 170(6): 3154-61.
Walton KA, Cole AL, Yeh M, Subbanagounder G, Krutzik SR, Modlin RL, Lucas RM, Nakai J, Smart EJ, Vora DK, Berliner JA.
Specific phospholipid oxidation products inhibit ligand activation of toll-like receptors 4 and 2 Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2003; 23(7): 1197-203.
Walton Kimberly A, Cole Amy L, Yeh Michael, Subbanagounder Ganesamoorthy, Krutzik Stephan R, Modlin Robert L, Lucas Robert M, Nakai Junko, Smart Eric J, Vora Deven K, Berliner Judith A
Specific phospholipid oxidation products inhibit ligand activation of toll-like receptors 4 and 2 Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2003; 23(7): 1197-203.
Bleharski Joshua R, Li Huiying, Meinken Christoph, Graeber Thomas G, Ochoa Maria-Teresa, Yamamura Masahiro, Burdick Anne, Sarno Euzenir N, Wagner Manfred, Röllinghoff Martin, Rea Thomas H, Colonna Marco, Stenger Steffen, Bloom Barry R, Eisenberg David, Modlin Robert L
Use of genetic profiling in leprosy to discriminate clinical forms of the disease Science (New York, N.Y.), 2003; 301(5639): 1527-30.
Kim J, Ochoa MT, Krutzik SR, Takeuchi O, Uematsu S, Legaspi AJ, Brightbill HD, Holland D, Cunliffe WJ, Akira S, Sieling PA, Godowski PJ, Modlin RL.
Activation of toll-like receptor 2 in acne triggers inflammatory cytokine responses J Immunol. , 2002; 169(3): 535-41.
Thoma-Uszynski S, Stenger S, Takeuchi O, Ochoa MT, Engele M, Sieling PA, Barnes PF, Rollinghoff M, Bolcskei PL, Wagner M, Akira S, Norgard MV, Belisle JT, Godowski PJ, Bloom BR, Modlin RL
Induction of direct antimicrobial activity through mammalian toll-like receptors Science. , 2001; 291(5508): 1544-7.
Ochoa M T, Stenger S, Sieling P A, Thoma-Uszynski S, Sabet S, Cho S, Krensky A M, Rollinghoff M, Nunes Sarno E, Burdick A E, Rea T H, Modlin R L
T-cell release of granulysin contributes to host defense in leprosy Nature Medicine, 2001; 7(2): 174-9.
Brightbill HD, Libraty DH, Krutzik SR, Yang RB, Belisle JT, Bleharski JR, Maitland M, Norgard MV, Plevy SE, Smale ST, Brennan PJ, Bloom BR, Godowski PJ, Modlin RL
Host defense mechanisms triggered by microbial lipoproteins through toll-like receptors Science. , 1999; 285(5428): 732-6.
Stenger S, Hanson DA, Teitelbaum R, Dewan P, Niazi KR, Froelich CJ, Ganz T, Thoma-Uszynski S, Melin A, Bogdan C, Porcelli SA, Bloom BR, Krensky AM, Modlin RL
An antimicrobial activity of cytolytic T cells mediated by granulysin Science. , 1998; 282(5386): 121-5.